If you're a foreigner looking to engage in self-employed activities in Belgium, obtaining a professional card is a crucial step. This card provides the necessary authorization to operate as a self-employed individual. In this guide, we’ll break down what a professional card is, how it differs from a work permit, who needs it, and the steps to obtain one.
What is a professional card and who needs one?
A professional card allows internationals to engage in freelancing activities in Belgium, whether you’re looking to work part-time or on a full-time basis. But who actually needs this professional card? There are specific groups that are required to have it, while others may qualify for exemption.
First of all, citizens from the European Union (EU), as well as individuals from Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland, do not need to apply for a professional card. They have the right to work freely in Belgium without additional permits. In addition to EEA citizens, there are other exemptions that might apply based on individual circumstances. For a comprehensive list of who needs the card and the exemptions, you can find the information detailed in English here. This will help you determine whether you need to apply for a professional card or if you qualify for an exception.
Regional differences
It is important to note that the requirements for obtaining a professional card differ depending on the region in Belgium, and the procedure for applying varies significantly as well. Furthermore, each region has its own competent authority that will examine your application. In this guide, we’re focused specifically on providing advice for Flanders, so keep that in mind as you navigate the process. If you’re looking to apply in Brussels or Wallonia, these links can be a good starting point for understanding the specific requirements and procedures in those regions.
The Flemish government’s website also features a helpful simulator that can guide you in determining whether you need a professional card. By answering a few straightforward questions about your situation, you can quickly find out if you’re required to apply for one. The simulator also guides you on which documents you'll need to prepare for your application. However, it’s important to remember that this should not be your only source of information. Be sure to check the official government page to ensure you have all the necessary documents before you submit your application. You can access the simulator here.
Difference Between a Professional Card and a Work Permit
- Professional Card: Designed for individuals who want to engage in self-employed activities (e.g., freelancers, entrepreneurs). Required for non-EU citizens wishing to operate as self-employed, with certain exemptions for specific groups.
- Work Permit: Intended for salaried employees. Non-EU citizens need a work permit to work for a Belgian employer, while EU citizens can work freely without one. The work permit is tied to a specific job and employer, whereas the professional card allows for broader self-employment activities.
Which type of a professional card?
In Flanders, there are three distinct categories of self-employed activities that qualify for this card. The first category encompasses traditional business ventures that demonstrate clear economic added value. The second category, innovative added value, encompasses self-employed activities that focus on developing new products, services, or processes that create added value. It also includes the application of new or improved technologies to enhance existing offerings, ultimately transforming them into valuable solutions. Finally, the third category includes activities with sporting, cultural, or artistic added value. Each category has specific conditions and required documents, so it’s essential to review the details to ensure a smooth application process. This link offers a detailed overview of these 3 categories and respective procedures they require.
Steps to Obtain a Professional Card in Flanders
The process of applying for the professional card involves multiple stages, with specific requirements that vary based on the applicant’s individual circumstances. However, it can essentially be summarised in the following four steps: first, gathering your application file by collecting the necessary documents; second, if needed, ensuring your documents are translated by a sworn translator; third, submitting your application and paying the required fees; and finally, waiting for the decision. Below, we will briefly outline what each of the four steps entails.
- Collecting all the necessary documentation is a crucial step in your journey, and it's absolutely essential to start gathering the right documents thoroughly and well in advance. Every applicant needs to provide standard documents, like a copy of your foreign identity card or international passport, an extract from criminal records, and a business plan. However, your individual circumstances will greatly influence which additional documents you might need. To find out what's required for your situation, it's best to check the Flemish government website using this link.
- All documents in your file must be in Dutch, French, German, or English. If translation is necessary, it's important to attach both the translated document and a copy of the original. Additionally, any documents provided by official institutions, such as authorities, banks, or educational bodies, must be translated by a sworn translator. If the translation is performed by a sworn translator from abroad, it must also be legalised or bear an apostille from the appropriate authority in the issuing country.
- After preparing your documentation, the next step is to submit your application and pay the required fee. Where you apply depends on your residency status. If you have legal residence in Belgium, you submit your application online. If you reside outside Belgium, you should submit your application at the Belgian diplomatic mission or consular post in your country of legal residence. A fee of 140 euros applies for each application.
- Finally, the submitted application will be reviewed by the competent authority to ensure it is complete and admissible. A decision on the professional card is typically expected within 120 days, though this timeframe may be extended for more complex cases.
Securing a professional card is a key step for foreigners looking to work as self-employed individuals in Belgium. By understanding who needs the card, recognizing how it differs from a work permit, and following the right application process, you can navigate local regulations and start your business journey on the right foot. Here’s to your success as you embark on this exciting adventure!
